| The king of all theories: The Kinetic Molecular Theory...page created by Amber Murphy | |||||||||||||||||
| The postulates or rather assumptions about the gases are conviniently located to the right. These help to combine all the laws and help you to learn the different laws of gases: |
1.Gases are composed of a large number of particles that behave like hard, spherical objects in a state of constant, random motion. 2.These particles move in a straight line until they collide with another particle or the walls of the container. 3.These particles are much smaller than the distance between particles. Most of the volume of a gas is therefore empty space. 4.There is no force of attraction between gas particles or between the particles and the walls of the container. 5.Collisions between gas particles or collisions with the walls of the container are perfectly elastic. None of the energy of a gas particle is lost when it collides with another particle or with the walls of the container. 6.The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles depends on the temperature of the gas and nothing else. The assumptions behind the kinetic molecular theory can be described by this apparatus shown to the left,in which consists of a glass plate surrounded by walls mounted on top of three vibrating motors. A handful of steel ball bearings are placed on top of the glass plate to represent the gas particles. When the motors are turned on, the glass plate vibrates, which makes the ball bearings move in a constant, random fashion (postulate 1). Each ball moves in a straight line until it collides with another ball or with the walls of the container (postulate 2). Although collisions are frequent, the average distance between the ball bearings is much larger than the diameter of the balls (postulate 3). There is no force of attraction between the individual ball bearings or between the ball bearings and the walls of the container (postulate 4). The collisions that occur in this apparatus are very different from those that occur when a rubber ball is dropped on the floor. Collisions between the rubber ball and the floor are inelastic, as shown in the figure below. A portion of the energy of the ball is lost each time it hits the floor, until it eventually rolls to a stop. In this apparatus, the collisions are perfectly elastic. The balls have just as much energy after a collision as before (postulate 5). At any time, some of the ball bearings on this apparatus are moving faster than others, but the system can be described by an average kinetic energy. When we increase the "temperature" of the system by increasing the voltage to the motors, we find that the average kinetic energy of the ball bearings increases (postulate 6). | ||||||||||||||||
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The animation to the right (thanks to RPI Interactive Chemistry) shows how energy is formed by collisions of molecules. This produces what is called kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is all around and is defined as the work it would take to get a particle moving with velocity. It is very important to The Kinetic Molecular Theory because the amount of kinetic energy or "energy of motion" can be different at different temperatures, pressures, and volumes of gas particles. | Now you can learn about kinetic energy production!: | ||||||||||||||||
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| Do you wanna know how the kinetic molecular theory affects how things work? |
Because I sincerly dislike wasting time and space, instead of copying and pasting everyting I have found about how a refrigerator works, below I have given you the url in which this information and much more may be found. Just trust me that it is much simpler and fun for the both of us. The link to this excellent site is below, under favorite links! Also,I have links below of the explanations of how the Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the Law's. I do not trust myself to give me a grade on this paper and my understanding of the chapter. I might base it on different criteria than the teacher would, and me only being a student, I know my knowledge of this subject is not clear nor vast. Most people would give themselves an A, even if they had no comprehension of what was going on and this is being unfair to themselves. They might have "given and gotten" themselves a good grade, but did not get what was most important, the comprehension of the material. | ||||||||||||||||
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